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READ THIS FIRST
INSTALLATION GUIDE
WD1004A-WX1
Winchester Disk Controller Board
FEBRUARY 1989
COPYRIGHT 1989 WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
INFORMATION FURNISHED BY WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION IS BELIEVED TO BE
ACCURATE. HOWEVER, NO RESPONSIBILITY IS ASSUMED BY WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION
FOR ITS USE; NOR FOR ANY INFRINGEMENT OF PATENTS OR OTHER RIGHTS OF THIRD
PARTIES WHICH MAY RESULT FROM ITS USE. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED BY IMPLICATION OR
OTHERWISE UNDER ANY PATENT OR PATENT RIGHTS OF WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION.
WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE SPECIFICATIONS AT ANY
TIME WITHOUT NOTICE.
Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This Western Digital product has been verified to comply with the limits for a
Class B computing device pursuant to subpart J of Part 15 of FCC rules. This
does not guarantee that interference will not occur in individual
installations. Western Digital is not responsible for any television, radio, or
other interference caused by unauthorized modifications of this product.
If interference problems do occur, please consult the system equipment owner's
manual for suggestions. Some of these suggestions include relocation of the
computer system away from the television or radio or placing the computer AC
power connection on a different circuit or outlet.
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise for
digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian
Department of Communications.
If you require further information or other technical support, please contact
your authorized dealer:
Trademarks used in this text: Filecard is a registered trademark
of Western Digital Corporation.
IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation.
Seagate is a registered trademark of Seagate Technology. MS-DOS is a registered
trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
**************************************************************************
INTRODUCTION
**************************************************************************
The WD1004A-WX1 board is easy to install. The following is a summary of the
installation steps.
1. Preliminary: set jumpers, drive configuration
2. Install hardware: drive, board, connect cables
3. Install software: use debug, low level format, etc.
4. Check installation: start system, use new board & drive
CAUTION
Handle the controller board by the ends of the board.
Some of the chips are static sensitive and damage may
occur if the board is incorrectly handled.
**************************************************************************
ABOUT THIS GUIDE
**************************************************************************
Angle brackets < > refer to a key. Therefore the symbol <Enter> refers to the
Enter key.
This guide was written using the IBM XT computer as a model. Sometimes specific
examples, such as errors, refer to the IBM error code numbers. Therefore if
you have an XT compatible computer, your error numbers may be different.
About Menu Screens:
Because computer manufacturers are always updating their products, and this
installation guide covers installing WD1004A-WX1 controller boards in many XT
compatible computers, some of the menu screens may not be exactly the same on
your system. Always follow the instructions on your computer screen.
1
SOME PRELIMINARY STEPS
Before you begin the actual installation of the hardware and software, there
are some preliminary steps that you need to do.
GATHER SUPPLIES
The installation requires that you gather the following tools and
supplies.
-- screwdriver
-- XT compatible computer with space to hold the internal drive
-- MFM hard disk drive(s)* with ST506 interface
-- interface cables (20-pin data cables & 34-pin control cable)
-- DOS version 2.0 or later (DOS 3.1 or later recommended)
-- installation manual for XT compatible computer
-- installation manual for hard disk drive
**************************************************************************
IDENTIFY DRIVE
**************************************************************************
The WD1004A-WX1 board works with any hard disk drive that has the ST506/412
drive interface and no more than 1024 cylinders and 16 heads. The Seagate 225
hard disk drive unit is such a drive.
Look in your drive manual to verify that you have an ST506/412 MFM drive or
check with your dealer.
Then check the drive manual for the drive parameters, such as those listed in
Table 1-1. You'll need this information for the low level format.
Formatted Number of Number of Pre-Comp Step
Capacity Heads Cylinders RWC Rate
21MB 4 615 307/none 75nsec
This board does not work with RLL drives. If you have an RLL drive you need
either the WD1004A-27X or WD1004-27X board.
**************************************************************************
IDENTIFY BOARD
**************************************************************************
Figure 1-1 shows the connector locations (J1, J2, J3, J4, and J5) on the
WD1004A-WX1 board and the location of the jumpers (W17 to W22, R23, and W25 to
W28). The (J4) drive power connector is on the WD1004A-WX1 board to connect
power to FileCard drives.
BIOS ROM Incompatibility
BIOS is an acronym for Basic Input Output System. ROM is an acronym for Read
Only Memory. The BIOS ROM is a program on a computer chip that tells your
computer how to operate devices attached to your computer.
Some XT compatible computers do not operate with the Western Digital BIOS ROM
because of an incompatibility. Most of these computers are listed in Appendix
A. Check Table A-1 on page A-11 to see if you have one of these computers.
If this is the case, you need to disable the Western Digital BIOS ROM by
setting a jumper. If you have one of these computers, omit the low level
format in this guide and instead follow your computer manufacturer's software
installation instructions for low level formatting.
┌────────┐
│ ┌──┘
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│ o │
│ o ┌──J2────┐ ┌──────J1───────┐ └─────│
│ ┌─J5──┐ └────────┘ └───────────────┘ ┌───────┐ │
│ └─────┘ ┌──J3────┐ │ W17 │ │
│ └────────┘ ┌────────┐┌───────┐ │ W18 │ │
│ ┌──┐┌──┐ ┌───┐ │ ││ │ │ W19 │ │
│ │ ││ │ │ │ │ ││ │ │ W21 │ │
│ │ ││ │ │ │ │ ││ │ │ W22 │ │
│ │ ││ │ │ │ │ ││ │ └───────┘ │
│ └──┘└──┘ └───┘ │ ││ │ │
│ ┌─────┐ │ ││ │ R23 │
│ │ │ └────────┘└───────┘ R24 │
│ │ │ ┌───────────┐ │
│ │ │ │ │ ┌───────┐ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ W25 │ │
│ └─────┘ │ │ │ W26 │ │
│ └───────────┘ │ W27 │ │
│ External │ W28 │ │
│ ROM └───────┘ │
│ Socket │
│ ┌J4┐ ┌─────────┐ │
│ o └──┘ └─────────┘ o │
└───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┘
└┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┘
Figure 1-1. WD1004A-WX1 Connector and Jumper Locations
**************************************************************************
JUMPERS
**************************************************************************
Jumpers allow you to change certain functions on your controller board.
Western Digital set the jumpers for the most common applications. It is
unlikely that you will need to change any of the jumper settings.
Appendix B contains a complete explanation of jumpers.
CAUTION
Handle the controller board by the ends of the board.
Some of the chips are static sensitive and damage may
occur if the board is incorrectly handled.
Do I Need To Change Any Jumpers?
No. Do NOT change any jumpers on the WD1004A board, unless you have one of the
following conditions:
-- The 1004A board is your second hard disk controller in the
system.
-- You have another peripheral unit which uses interrupt signal
IRQ5.
-- You have a BIOS ROM which is incompatible with WD1004A.
Change Jumpers
When you have one of the special conditions listed above, you need to add a
jumper. In all other cases, do NOT add a jumper.
-- If the WD1004A board is the second controller, change the
controller address at W21 & W22. Check the first controller
manufacturer's manual for the addresses and also see Appendix B.
-- If another peripheral uses IRQ5, add a jumper at W27.
-- If the computer motherboard BIOS ROM is incompatible, add
a jumper resistor at R23.
See Appendix B for information before you change any jumpers.
**************************************************************************
SET HARD DISK DRIVE CONFIGURATION
**************************************************************************
This section "Set Hard Disk Drive Configuration" refers to procedures that you
do to your hard disk drives and not to your WD1004A controller. Since the
WD1004A board works with many hard disk drives, you need to consult your drive
manufacturer's manual for exact details.
You need to set the configuration for your hard disk drive unit, before you
install the unit into your computer. You set your hard disk configuration by
adjusting jumpers, switches, or termination resistors on the hard disk unit.
Drive Settings
The two settings that you can change are:
-- drive number
-- drive termination resistor
You frequently don't have to modify the factory settings. The exact number of
settings that you change depends on your disk drive and computer.
Control Cables (34-pin Connectors)
Setting the drive number depends on the type of control cable that connects
your drive to your controller board. The two types of cables are listed below.
-- without a twisted section
-- with a twisted section
Do NOT use cables from floppy drives. Hard disk cables are different!
First identify which cable you are going to use. Look at the control cable and
determine whether it is twisted. The control cable has the 34-pin connectors.
If you already have one hard disk attached to your WD1004A-WX1 board and you
plan to use the existing cable in your computer, you may have to open the
computer case. See your computer manufacturer's instructions.
┌┐ ┌┐ ┌┐ ┌┐ ┌┐ ┌┐
││───────────────││────││ ││───────────────││────││
││───────────────││────││ ││───────────────││────││
││───────────────││────││ ││───────────────││────││
││───────────────││────││ ││───────────────││─XX─││
││───────────────││────││ ││───────────────││─XX─││
└┘ └┘ └┘ └┘ └┘ └┘
Non-twist Cable Twisted Cable
Set Drive Number
When the 34-pin control cable has a twisted section, set the jumpers or
switches on both drives for drive select 2. See Figure 1-2, page 1-9.
When the 34-pin flat control cable has NO twisted section, set a jumper or
switch on the first drive for drive select 1 and the second for drive select 2.
Drives are usually set at the factory to the drive select 1 position. See the
drive manufacturer's manual for detailed instructions on how to set the drive
number.
Set Drive Termination Resistor
The drive termination resistor should only be on the drive, which is the last
physical drive installed in a daisy chain configuration. When you have two
hard disk drives, remove or disable the termination resistor from the drive,
which you plan to attach to the middle connector.
If you have only one fixed hard disk drive, do NOT change the termination
resistor.
See the drive manufacturer's manual for detailed instructions on how to remove
or disable the termination resistor.
Note: A daisy chain cable has three connectors. The electrical signal in a
daisy chain configuration moves from one connector to the next in sequence.
CHECK COMPUTER --
(Incompatible System BIOS ROM)
Some early versions of XT computers have system BIOS ROMs that are incompatible
with your WD1004A-WX1. Follow the instructions in the next section, "Read
System BIOS ROM Date" to determine if you have one of these systems.
Read System BIOS ROM Date
DEBUG is a program which allows you to look at information in your computer on
a fundamental level. You can enter the Debug program and use it to read a
portion of your computer's ROM (read only memory). By following the steps
below, you can determine the date the system BIOS ROM was created for your
computer.
The Debug program should be supplied on your DOS diskette. See your DOS system
manual for complete instructions on how to use the Debug program.
Place the diskette containing the Debug program in drive A, then
1. At the prompt (A>),
Type: DEBUG
Press <Enter>
2. At the debug prompt (-),
Type: d f000:fff5 fffc
Press <Enter>
3. Date returned is (10/27/82) OR LATER
4. To exit debug:
Type: q
Press <Enter>
2
HOW TO INSTALL YOUR HARDWARE
This section tells you how to install the hardware portion of your WD1004A-WX1
controller board. You will install the controller board in an XT-compatible
expansion slot.
Do not attempt to install your hardware unless you have set the hard disk drive
configuration as explained on page 1-7 and set the WD1004A-WX1 board jumpers,
if required.
The installation requires you to remove the cover from your computer. See your
PC manual for exact instructions on how to remove the cover.
If you are replacing an existing controller, then you also have to remove your
old hard disk controller.
If you want two hard disks on one controller, use a daisy chain cable to
connect them onto one WD1004A board. A daisy chain cable has 3 connectors.
1. Turn your computer power switch to OFF and unplug power cord.
2. Use a screwdriver to loosen the cover screws. Then remove the computer
cover, so that you can see the expansion slots.
3. Place your hard disk drive unit(s) into the computer case
and mount per the manufacturer's installation instructions.
4. Look and see which expansion slots are empty. You can use
any empty slot that has the same type of edge connectors as the WD1004A
board, except as noted below.
Note: For IBM XT owners: DO NOT use the slot closest to the power supply. Use
an expansion slot at least one position removed from the power supply.
You may have to leave the fastening screws loosely connected, so that you can
attach the cables.
Or if you are removing a controller, locate the slot which has the old
controller in it. Use this expansion slot.
Note: You can also install a new fixed hard disk drive on an existing WD1004A
controller. See Appendix A.
5A. If you are removing an old controller, loosen the screw
which holds the old controller board in place. Then slide the old
board out of the expansion slot and remove the cables. Locate the
old rear slot cover and place it on your computer case. (You probably
removed this old slot cover when you installed your old controller
board.)
5B. If you are using a "new" expansion slot, remove the screw,
but keep the rear slot cover in place. Save the screw to hold the
new controller board.
6. Connect 34-pin wide control cable to WD1004A board. Follow
steps A or B. These instructions are for one or two drives on the
same controller.
A. (for 1 drive only) Connect the 34-pin (wide control cable)
connector to J1 on the controller board. Attach Pin 1 of the cable
connector to Pin 1 on the controller board. See Figure 1-1 on page
1-4.
Pin 1 of the cable connector is marked and is on the
color coded edge of the cable. Do NOT force the cables and connectors.
B. (for 2 drives only) If you are installing two hard disk
drives on one controller, use a daisy chain cable. A daisy chain cable
has 3 connectors.
Connect the 34-pin wide connector on the longer daisy chain
cable section to J1 on the WD1004A board. See Figure 1-1 and Figure
2-1.
7. Connect 34-pin wide control cable to drive unit.
A. (for 1 drive only) Connect the free end of the 34-pin control
cable to the hard disk drive.
B. (for 2 drives only) Connect the end 34-pin connector on
the shorter daisy chain cable section to the first hard disk drive
unit's 34-pin connector. See Figure 2-1.
C. (for 2 drives only) Connect the middle 34-pin connector
on the shorter daisy chain cable section to the second hard disk drive
unit's 34-pin connector.
┌───────────────┐
│ FIRST DRIVE │───┐ 34 Pin Connector
└───────────────┘──┐│
││
││ (Shortest Cable)
┌───────────────┐ ││
│ SECOND DRIVE │──┘│ 34 Pin Connector
└───────────────┘──┐│
(Termination Resistor ││
Removed) ││ (Longest Cable)
││
││
││
┌─────────────┘│
│ ┌────────────┘
┌────────│─│───┐ 34 Pin Connector
│ J1 │
└──┐ ┌──┘
└┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┘ WD1004A-WX1
Remember: The second hard disk drive unit is the unit from which you removed or
disabled the termination resistor and changed the drive number. See page 1-10.
8. Connect 20-pin data cable(s) to the drive unit(s) 20-pin
connectors. Attach one 20-pin data cable to the first hard disk drive
unit. If you are installing a second drive attach the second 20-pin
data cable to the second hard disk drive unit.
9. Connect 20-pin data cable(s) to the WD1004A board as described below.
A. Connect the 20-pin data cable from the first drive to J2
on the controller board. Attach Pin 1 on the cable to Pin 1 on the
controller board. See Figure 1-1 on page 1-4.
B. (for 2 drives only) If you install a second hard disk drive,
connect the second 20-pin data cable from the second drive to J3 on
the controller board. See Figure 1-1 on page 1-4.
10. (optional for systems with LED cables) Connect the 4-pin
external LED cable connector to J5 on the controller board.
11. Connect power from your computer's internal power supply
to the drive. Follow instructions for either A or B.
A. Locate the internal 4-pin power connector(s) on your computer.
See your computer manual. Connect this internal 4-pin power connector
to your new fixed hard disk drive unit's power connector plug.
B. (for 2 drives only) If you are installing 2 drives, you
need either two internal power connectors on your computer or you
need a "Y" adapter, which splits the power cable. See the manufacturer's
manual.
Connect the second drive unit to the second power connector plug or to the
"Y" adapter.
12. Install the controller board into the expansion slot that
you selected in step 4. The WD1004A-WX1 board's edge connectors (shown
in Figure 1-1, page 1-4) fit firmly into the computer's motherboard.)
See your computer manual for the location of your computer's
motherboard. Press firmly on the board as you insert it into the
expansion slot. Check that the board is seated properly by pressing
down firmly on both ends of the board.
13. After the board is seated firmly in the expansion slot
socket, secure the board using the clip that is on the end of your
board. Place the bracket screw (which you removed in step 5) over
the clip and rear slot cover. Then screw the clip and slot cover to
the computer case.
CAUTION
When routing cables, be careful not to pinch them. Cables
must not get caught between the cover and the boards nor should
they obstruct any air flow path from fans or vents.
14. Place extra cable lengths so that they are out of the way.
15. Replace the computer cover. Then plug the power cord back
into your computer.
Your hardware controller installation is complete. However, your WD1004A-WX1
controller board is really a complex circuit composed of both hardware and
software, so that while the hardware installation is complete, you still need
to install the software. Proceed to the next section for the software
installation steps.
Tighten hard disk unit(s) to computer case, etc. if not already done so in step
3.